Original pool of 185 adjectives was drawn from works of Thurstone, Cattell, Guilford, Fiske, Daniels, Horst, and the designers of PDP, Hubby, Houston and Solomon. An experimental assessment was administered with the responses to the self-descriptive adjectives (positive stimuli) made on a 5-point Likert scale.
Factor analysis reduced the final list to 60 self-descriptive adjectives and clearly identified four primary behavioral traits and one secondary trait.
Standardization procedures provided separate norms for each trait within each of three perspectives: (1) Basic/Natural Self, (2) Priority Environment(s), and (3) Predictor/Outward Self. The four primary factors of behavior produce a “variable norm” that permits measurement of the relative intensity of each separate trait in every individual profile. Thus, the distance of each trait from the individual’s own “central tendency norm” provided a measurement of the intensity of that trait. This unique concept and statistical procedure made it possible to measure the strength of individual behavioral traits, not only with reference to other traits of each individual, but also with reference to the population norms.
The Survey was standardized for the purpose of describing normal behaviors.
The major step was the administration of the final list of adjectives to a normative sample. That sample consisted of 1,024 persons who were carefully selected to represent a cross section of adults.
Normative data were prepared independently and confirmed by feedback from a large number of case studies.
Each of the factors was highly invariant across race, sex and occupation with coefficients above .87 in all cases.
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Development & Standardization (pdf)